Some dogs don’t just walk through history—they are history. These ancient breeds have been by our side for centuries, from the temples of ancient Egypt to the icy trails of Siberia. And the best part? Many of them are blessed with impressively long lifespans.
If you’re the kind of dog lover who dreams of a lifelong bond with a loyal companion, these time-tested breeds are worth a closer look.
Not only do they come with rich histories and distinctive looks, but many also boast better-than-average longevity, giving you more years of joy, cuddles, and shared adventures.
Here, we’re digging into the oldest canine lineages that are still going strong today, both in health and in history. Whether you’re drawn to mystique, ancient roots, or simply want a dog that’s in it for the long haul, these ancient pups might be your perfect match.
Ancient Dog Breeds With Long Lifespan
1. Chihuahua
Don’t let their pocket-sized stature fool you—Chihuahuas are the Energizer Bunnies of the dog world, often outliving their larger counterparts by a good margin.
Standing just 5–8 inches tall and rarely tipping the scales past 6 pounds, this smallest dog breed struts like they own the block (and honestly, they probably do). With their signature apple-shaped heads, perky ears, and big, expressive eyes, Chihuahuas look like living cartoon characters.
If you’ve ever seen a Chihuahua in action, you know these dogs pack a whole lot of personality into their petite frames. They’re confident, fiercely loyal, and—let’s be honest—sometimes act like they own the place. That little diva energy? It’s part of their charm and probably what keeps them young at heart.
With an average lifespan stretching from a spry 12 to a jaw-dropping 20 years, these little dynamos might just be the closest thing to a canine fountain of youth.
What’s their secret? Well, besides a robust constitution, Chihuahuas benefit from being small, which means their joints and organs take less of a beating over time. Think of it like driving a tiny sports car instead of a gas-guzzling SUV—less wear and tear means they can keep cruising for years.
So whether you’re looking for a lifetime companion who’s ready to cuddle on your lap or a spirited watchdog who thinks they’re ten times bigger than they really are, the Chihuahua’s got you covered.
2. Saluki
Picture this: 5,000 years ago, a sleek, golden silhouette darting across the deserts and mountains like the original sports car of the canine world. Meet the Saluki, the oldest breed so ancient it practically invented the “fast and fabulous” lifestyle long before GPS and race tracks existed.
For years, the Saluki proudly held the Guinness World Record as the oldest dog breed on the planet—and whether or not new research bumps it off the throne, there’s no denying this pooch’s pedigree is seriously ancient.
Today’s Saluki is a sleek, dignified companion known for deep loyalty and a quiet, sensitive nature. They thrive in calm households, bond closely with their chosen human, and love their creature comforts—think cushy couches and clean fur.
But the Saluki wasn’t just a pretty face in the Pharaoh’s court. With the ability to hit up to 42 miles per hour (yeah, faster than your average highway speed limit), they were the ultimate hunting buddies for Arab tribesmen and nobles who valued not just speed but elegance on the run.
Salukis are usually healthy dogs with an impressive lifespan of 12-15 years, but they can be vulnerable to a few health concerns, including hip dysplasia and elbow dysplasia, as well as certain eye disorders.
These high-energy hounds need adequate exercise and room to run (fenced yards are a must!) and aren’t fans of being left alone or cooped up indoors
So if you’re looking for a dog that’s literally walked through history, can sprint like the wind, and sports a noble air that even a royal robe can’t top, the Saluki is your ancient speedster with a heart to match.
3. Greyhound
Imagine a larger dog breed that’s been racing across history for over 8,000 years—that’s the Greyhound, the original speed demon and sleek silhouette spotted in ancient temple drawings from around 6,000 BC in what’s now Turkey.
While some history buffs argue whether those ancient doggos were really Greyhounds or cousins like the Basenji or Saluki, one thing’s for sure: the Greyhound is a direct descendant of these legendary sighthounds.
They’ve been starring in roles as hunters, loyal companions, and watchdogs for millennia, proving that they’ve always had more than just good looks. Fast-forward to today, and Greyhounds are still famous for their speed—think Formula 1 drivers on four legs—clocking up to 45 miles per hour.
But don’t let their racing resume fool you; these gentle giants are surprisingly chill couch potatoes once the race is over. In fact, you might find your Greyhound snoring louder than your neighbor’s lawn mower on a Sunday morning.
Greyhounds are typically healthy dogs, though they can carry some inherited health issues that aren’t curable but can be identified through genetic testing. They’re also more likely to develop certain health concerns, so it’s important for owners to stay informed and proactive.
So if you want a dog that’s a living piece of history, packed with ancient athleticism and modern-day mellow vibes, the Greyhound’s your go-to time traveler with turbo.
4. Afghan Hound
Clocking in at about 8,000 years old, the Afghan Hound is the canine equivalent of that mysterious, glamorous celebrity everyone talks about but few truly understand. Despite some theories claiming it originated in Egyptian deserts, its name—and its real story—trace back to the rugged mountains and nomadic tribes of Afghanistan.
Hillspet calls the Afghan Hound a “study in contradictions,” and that’s putting it mildly. These dogs can be fiercely brave yet shy, high-energy but also delightfully lazy, regal yet downright goofy. Think of them as the drama queen of dog breeds—always keeping you guessing.
But don’t be fooled by their silk-smooth coats and aristocratic air. Afghan Hounds are high-maintenance divas who demand regular grooming that rivals your own salon appointments.
They’re smart but stubborn, too, meaning training takes patience, a gentle touch, and a knack for negotiation. Harsh corrections? Forget it. They’ll simply give you the classic Afghan “not today” stare.
Afghan Hounds are usually healthy dogs, and their overall well-being and lifespan benefit greatly from responsible breeding practices. Reputable breeders typically screen for hip, eye, and thyroid issues to ensure only healthy dogs are bred.
While Afghan Hounds can be a good match for first-time dog owners, experts stress the importance of doing plenty of homework before bringing one home. Understanding the breed’s unique needs and temperament is key to a successful start.
5. Akita
The Akita is a powerful, dignified dog with a commanding presence and a loyal heart. Originally from Japan, Akitas were bred to guard royalty and hunt big game like boar and bear. Today, this medium-sized dog breed is known for their deep devotion to family, calm confidence, and strong protective instincts.
Akitas are like the majestic, low-key celebrities of the dog world—rocking at least 20 color combos (seriously, from snow-white to brindle, they’re basically a walking art gallery), WebMD says.
And despite their large, sturdy build, these gentle giants have a surprisingly long lifespan, typically clocking in between 10 and 14 years, which is impressive for larger breeds.
What’s even better? Akitas don’t demand marathons or intense workouts. A brisk walk or a slow jog around the block once or twice a day is enough to keep them happy and healthy. No need for complicated fitness routines here—just some good old-fashioned strolls.
Bonus points: if you’re not a fan of drool puddles or the classic “doggy odor” sneaking into your couch cushions, Akitas might just be your dream dog. These pups rarely drool and tend to smell fresher than many other breeds.
And barking? Only when there’s a real emergency, not just the mailman dropping off your Amazon package. Peaceful, poised, and practical—Akitas bring the best of big-dog charm without the usual hassles.
6. Alaskan Malamute
Picture this: thousands of years ago, hardy ancestors of the Alaskan Malamute trekked from Siberia into the icy wilderness of Alaska, evolving into the powerhouse breed we know and love today.
Named after the Inuit Mahlemiut people from the Kotzebue Sound area of Alaska, the Malamute isn’t just a dog—it’s a living piece of Arctic history wrapped in a fluffy, snow-ready coat.
For about 3,000 years, these tough dogs have been pulling sleds, hunting seals, and—get this—even standing guard against polar bears. Talk about job security!
The Alaskan Malamute is a powerfully built, medium-sized dog, known for its broad head, upright ears, and a bushy tail that curls proudly over its back. Its dense double coat often comes in gray and white or black and white, with signature facial markings that resemble a cap or mask.
Malamutes are usually loving with their families and friendly toward visitors, though they may show aggression toward unfamiliar dogs.
While they can serve as decent watchdogs with proper training, they aren’t typically suited for protection work. Without enough activity or attention, they may resort to digging or howling out of boredom, says Britannica.
Alaskan Malamutes are typically healthy dogs and have an average life expectancy of 10 to 14 years. However, like many breeds, they can be prone to certain health issues, so it’s important for owners to be aware of these potential concerns.
If you’re into dogs that combine brute strength with a friendly, loyal heart, the Malamute’s your go-to. Just be ready to embrace the fur—it’s basically a permanent snowfall indoors—and the need for regular exercise to keep this beast happy and balanced.
7. Xoloitzuintli
Say that name three times fast: Xoloitzcuintli (pronounced show-low-eats-QUEENT-lee). If that doesn’t make you feel like you’re summoning an ancient god, I don’t know what will.
According to AKC, this ancient Aztec dog was literally known as the “dog of the gods” — and with a history stretching back 5,000 years, it’s no surprise why.
Today, the Xolo is more than just a mystical relic; it’s a loyal, sharp watchdog and affectionate dog with some serious street cred. These pups have aged like fine tequila—getting better and healthier over the centuries. Thanks to centuries of careful breeding, the breed enjoys genetic diversity that keeps hereditary health problems mostly at bay. Score one for the ancient breeders!
One of Xolo’s most iconic features is its hairless coat (though there are coated varieties too). This unique look means less shedding and fewer allergens floating around your home, perfect if you’re a bit sneezy around furballs.
But heads up: that smooth skin needs special TLC—think sunscreen in the summer and moisturizing in the winter to keep your Xolo comfy and looking regal.
With an average lifespan of 15 years and beyond, this ancient guardian isn’t just a piece of history—it’s a long-lived breed that’s been rocking Earth’s stage for millennia. If you want a dog with serious roots and a sleek, modern vibe, the Xoloitzcuintli might just be your ancient Aztec soulmate.
Conclusion
When it comes to ancient dog breeds with long lifespans, several primitive dogs closely tied to ancient civilizations continue to impress with their overall health and resilience. Breeds like the Australian Cattle Dog—known to produce the oldest dog on record—and Toy Poodles, Yorkshire Terriers, Shih Tzu, Miniature Schnauzers, and Jack Russell Terriers are small breeds with an average lifespan of 16 years or more. These hardy breeds, often originally bred for work, thrive with mental stimulation, moderate exercise, and proper care, including weight management and a balanced diet.
While health issues like heart disease can affect even a popular breed, dogs live a healthier life and enjoy a happy life when their overall well-being is supported. Even larger breeds like the Australian Shepherd or less typical long-livers like the Shar Pei and Great Dane benefit from an active lifestyle, making them excellent family pets. With attention to healthy weight, physical stimulation, and social time with other dogs, your dog’s lifespan—even into their middle age—can be both long and joyful.
