Did you know that some dogs are specifically bred to meet human preferences? This process often alters their body structure and physical features, making them more susceptible to harmful conditions. You’ll be surprised how much these details matter when deciding which breeds to avoid and why careful selection is essential.
Even seemingly minor health issues can escalate into serious, life-threatening problems if ignored. Not every pet owner can manage canine health issues. It requires patience, awareness, and the ability to recognize early symptoms and take preventive measures.
In a large-scale study published in BMC Veterinary Research, dental issues, health problems related to skin, and coat were found to be the common diseases in dogs. While muscle and joint problems ranked second, followed closely by digestive issues.
Before deciding to bring a dog into your home, it’s crucial to understand the breed’s underlying health issues. Canines are amazing companions and form deep bonds with humans, yet they cannot always express pain clearly. That’s why, if you feel unable to manage these responsibilities, it’s wiser to avoid breeds most prone to health issues.
Dog Breeds To Avoid For Health Reasons
1. English Bulldog
Calm, loyal, and affectionate, the English Bulldog is one of the popular dog breeds that many owners consider for families with children. They are gentle but often described as one of the best dog breeds to avoid for health reasons.
While they can be agile and playful, adult English Bulldogs usually prefer moderate exercise. This makes them suitable for people with a calm lifestyle or those living in smaller houses.
According to a study, it is found that English Bulldogs are more prone to serious health problems compared to other dogs, with a 2.04 times higher likelihood of being diagnosed with a disease.
Among the most frequent health conditions in Bulldogs are cherry eye, interdigital cysts, and Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS).
Health Issues
Skin infections may occur as moisture could accumulate in their wrinkles.
Hip dysplasia contributes to long-term joint problems and arthritis.
Obesity, which causes pressure on joints, leads to back problems and worsens heat sensitivity. Bulldogs cannot regulate body temperature well.
Heart problems and congestive heart failure place them in one of the highest risk categories of serious conditions.
Difficulty in childbirth, as 80% English Bulldogs undergo cesarean sections.
Prevention and Care
Many owners are not aware that Bulldogs can easily suffer from heatstroke. Monitoring their temperature, preventing skin moisture, maintaining a balanced diet, early treatment of mobility issues, and providing proper mental stimulation are essential. If any of these conditions worsen, veterinary attention is required.
2. Great Dane
The Great Dane is one of the tallest dog breeds, often referred to as the “gentle giant.” Despite their size, they are affectionate pets and loyal companions. However, as with most large dogs, they are more prone to serious health problems than small dogs.
Research shows that larger dog breeds face higher risks of skin, orthopedic, and gastrointestinal diseases, along with a sharper likelihood of cancer and heart diseases as their size increases.
Health Issues
Since the Great Dane is large in size, it is prone to several common health conditions.
One of the highest risk emergencies in large dogs is Bloat and Gastric Dilatation Volvulus (GDV). It can be life-threatening if not treated by a veterinarian immediately. It can be caused by eating and drinking excessively before exercise. GDV reduces blood flow to the heart and requires emergency surgery.
Hip dysplasia is another common health problem, inherited from faulty genetics. It can cause pain and mobility issues,
They also experience joint and bone injuries as their size makes them vulnerable to strain.
Wobbler syndrome is a condition of the cervical spine that causes weakness or unsteady movement.
Owing to their massive frame, obesity leads to back pain.
Cancer risks, including Lymphoma (too many white blood cells in the body) and Osteosarcomas (bone cancer), are higher in this breed, according to WebMD.
Prevention and Care
Owners should schedule health evaluations frequently, including hip and cardiac tests, to detect risks early. Any sudden behavioral change, dental problem, or skin dryness should be taken as a warning sign and addressed by a veterinarian immediately.
3. Doberman Pinscher
The Doberman Pinscher is among the most admired dog breeds in the world. Known as both a pet and a working animal, it serves as a guard, loyal family protector, and loving companion. Many owners choose Dobermans because of their intelligence, loyalty, and adaptability.
Health Issues
Heart diseases, including improper blood supply, irregular heartbeat, and heart failure, sometimes even before the age of five, are common in Dobermans. Symptoms such as difficulty in breathing, fainting, or trembling require immediate veterinary attention.
Bloat can be triggered by improper feeding. Signs include abdominal pain, salivation, and vomiting. This is a medical emergency.
Dobermans are more prone to cancer and diabetes than other dogs. They are also not free from the danger of obesity, which can cause multiple health conditions, including cardiac issues, joint pain, and digestive problems.
Hip dysplasia: a genetic condition where one of the hip joints does not fit perfectly. This condition could cause them pain and mobility issues.
Dobermans could also experience Von Willebrand Disease (VWD), a condition in which blood clots do not form and cause bleeding from the nose.
Prevention and Care
Since heart disease in Doberman Pinschers goes undiagnosed until around age seven, dogs may appear normal despite having the condition. It worsens when the heart muscle swells and leads to severe complications or heart failure.
The Doberman Pinscher Club of America advises an echocardiogram screening at one year of age to catch the condition early, as explained by Purina.
Dobermans require regular exercise, mental stimulation, and a balanced diet to remain healthy. Veterinarians recommend screening for heart-related disease early, since untreated conditions can cause sudden fainting or collapse.
If symptoms like weakness, heavy panting, or trembling happen, owners should not delay in seeking treatment.
4. Pug
The Pug is one of the most recognizable small dogs and a favorite among many owners. However, because of their short muzzles and short legs, they rank among the dog breeds with the highest risk of respiratory issues. While playful and affectionate, they are not suited to hot weather or long exercise sessions.
Health Issues
Pugs face breathing problems due to narrow nostrils and compressed airways, which are sometimes corrected by surgery.
Obesity can lead to joint problems and can even cause diabetes.
Pugs are susceptible to skin infections and allergies, particularly in their facial folds. Regularly cleaning their face is key to avoiding such issues.
They are prone to dental disease as their crowded teeth trap food, leading to gingivitis and painful infections.
They may develop eye injuries, too, since their shallow sockets prevent full eyelid closure.
Hip and elbow dysplasia may affect Pugs, along with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, which weakens bones due to loss of blood flow to the hip joint.
Encephalitis impacts a Pug’s nervous system and may cause seizures, depression, blindness, and abnormal movements.
Prevention and Care
Pugs also tend to suffer from overheating, so owners must avoid taking them out in the extreme heat. With proper treatment, early intervention, and careful monitoring by a vet, many of these conditions can be managed. Maintaining a healthy weight helps reduce the risk of arthritis and back problems.
Some experts argue that because humans have bred Pugs for their flat faces and bulging eyes, it has become difficult for them to breathe easily through their airways.
A study showed that Pugs have a 1.9 times greater chance of suffering from disorders than other breeds. Experts have called for strict breeding standards and emphasised the importance of not prioritizing a breed’s beauty over its health.
5. German Shepherd
The German Shepherd is a regular at the top of rankings for the smartest, most loyal, and most trainable pets. They serve in the police and help with search and rescue operations. They protect their owners’ peace and property and spread positivity to their owners.
Health Issues
Since they are a large breed, German Shepherds have to encounter multiple health problems. A study found that German Shepherds are more susceptible to musculoskeletal diseases than other dog breeds. Bloat was the second most common problem in these dogs compared to other breeds
Bloat is a common condition in German Shepherds. You can tell if a German Shepherd’s stomach is not in good condition if they seem irritated when you touch their abdomen or if they show restlessness and drooling.
They can also get arthritis if their hip and elbow dysplasia worsen and aren’t checked in time.
Canine degenerative myelopathy can cause the back legs of the German Shepherds to weaken, leading to permanent paralysis.
Neurological disorders are also more common in German Shepherds, and they can experience seizures.
With blood disorders such as Hemophilia A and B, wounds will not clot, and the dogs can bleed profusely.
German Shepherds can also have cancer in their organs, including their heart, lungs, and intestines. They can also get bone cancer in their late stage of life.
Prevention and Care
At the first sign of poor health, you should contact a veterinarian so they can make a correct diagnosis and begin treatment. A screening for Hemophilia is essential to diagnose the disease at an early stage.
Additionally, it is important to visit the vet regularly for routine check-ups, especially for puppies during active growth and for dogs over seven years old.
6. Dachshund
Dachshunds are highly popular due to their lovable and playful nature, making them excellent family pets. Along with their gentle temperament, they also serve as great watchdogs. Fearless and alert, they bark to warn their owners and adapt well to different environments.
However, with all of these plus points, Dachshunds have some health issues as well.
Health Issues
One of the most serious conditions is Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD). Due to their short legs and long bodies, Dachshunds face the highest risk, about ten times more susceptible than many dogs, according to the British Veterinary Association. IVDD can cause extreme back problems, pain, and even paralysis if not treated early.
They can develop digestive issues and even diabetes, which can lead to overeating, weight loss, and other complications.
Luxating Patella is a condition where the kneecap shifts out of place in the hind legs, often leading to walking difficulties. It is more common in small Dachshunds.
Seizures may occur due to tumors, strokes, or genetic conditions.
Eye problems are another common health concern. Dachshunds may suffer from glaucoma, cataracts, or dry eye. In severe cases, progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) can result in complete vision loss.
Prevention and Care
According to the Dachshund Health Report 2024, 96% of Dachshunds with IVDD recovered without surgery, though X-ray screening is recommended for early diagnosis.
Monitor your Dachshund’s diet carefully, feeding them in small portions to reduce the risk of bloating and also overeating, while also supporting their health with timely medication and supplements.
Some experts argue that breeding Dachshunds to suit human needs is ethically wrong as it places undue strain on their spines. Several countries have considered proposals to avoid owning or breeding Dachshunds.
7. Cocker Spaniel
Cocker Spaniels are one of the most popular breeds due to their peaceful and affectionate nature, making them excellent companions. They are great with children, and their lively temperament makes them active playmates.
With proper training, this breed is friendly with strangers and generally avoids unnecessary barking, usually making noise to alert their humans to danger.
Health Issues
The most common health issues in Cocker Spaniels relate to their ears. Their floppy ear shape traps moisture. They are more likely to develop ear infections than other dog breeds. If they shake their heads frequently, owners should seek help from a veterinarian.
Cocker Spaniels are also prone to skin conditions such as allergies, which require grooming and care for their lustrous long coats to prevent infections.
Even with their medium build, they face the risk of hip dysplasia, which, like in large dogs, may progress to arthritis.
Eye problems such as glaucoma, cataracts, or progressive retinal atrophy (PRA).
In Cocker Spaniels, a luxating patella may lead to problems with walking; however, this condition is treatable.
Prevention and Care
To prevent these health problems, Cocker Spaniels require regular grooming, a balanced diet, and consistent exercise. Proper vaccination from an early age is essential, while timely testing for joint issues and eye problems can reduce the risk of long-term complications.
Cocker Spaniels are more prone to ear infections. It’s crucial to monitor their symptoms and schedule regular check-ups. With regular vet visits, this lively dog can live a long, healthy life.
Conclusion
After going through the specifics of various canine health issues, you’ll be in a much better position to decide which breeds to avoid. On the flip side, if you already have a dog that develops a health condition, it’s crucial to provide them with proper care and treatment.
They deserve nothing less than your loyal and trusting companions. While many health conditions are genetic and can appear at an early age, some can still be managed and prevented with the right guidance.
That’s why having professional advice from a qualified veterinarian is essential. If your dog develops a serious condition, it may require frequent vet visits, ongoing treatment, and more of your time. If you are prepared to meet these needs, then taking on that breed could still be a rewarding experience.
